What distinguishes a caste system from a class system?

A caste system is characterized by its rigid structure that defines social hierarchy based on hereditary factors. In such a system, individuals are born into a specific caste, which determines their social status, occupation, and interactions with others throughout their lives. This inherent limitation on movement means that social mobility is extremely restricted; individuals typically cannot change their caste, and therefore, their societal position remains fixed. This lifelong restriction on mobility is fundamental in distinguishing a caste system from a more flexible class system, where social mobility is more prevalent and individuals can change their socio-economic standing based on various factors such as education, wealth, and personal achievement.

In contrast, class systems do not have the same degree of rigidity and are more influenced by individual circumstances and opportunities, allowing for movement between classes.